Background:
We investigated the efficacy of an intensive multidisciplinary treatment for severe obesity over 12-months, called the Metabolic Rehabilitation Programme (MRP), in a public hospital clinic.
Methods:
We extracted data from medical records for 52 eligible patients (44% men) with a body mass index (BMI) ≥35kg/m2 (27%, 54%, and 19% with a BMI ≥35-39, ≥40-49, and ≥50, respectively) referred to the MRP from 2009-2014. Clinical outcomes were changes in weight, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 3, 6 and 12-months. Predictors tested were: age, gender, exercise sessions, BMI, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, HbA1c, diabetes history, and medications at baseline; and total exercise sessions. Paired samples t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation were used to test within-group mean differences, potential predictors and associations between outcomes, respectively.
Results:
Baseline mean(SD): age 59(11)years; weight 129(31)kg; HbA1c 8.0(1.5%); SBP 135(17)mmHg; WC 134(18); BMI 46.2(8.5)kg/m2; and diabetes duration 11.2(7.4)years. Within-group mean(SD) differences at 3, 6, and 12 months: HbA1c level -0.8(1.0), -0.8(0.9), and -0.9(1.1)%; percent change in weight -4.3(2.9), -6.6(3.5), and -9.0(5.2)%; SBP reading -6.2(13.7) (P=0.052), -6.0(18.7) (P=0.084), and -10.1(12.7)mmHg; (all others P<0.05). Absolute change in weight was predicted by: exercise sessions (-0.4kg per additional session, P=0.038); BMI (-0.51kg per additional BMI unit, P<0.001); and WC (-0.2kg per additional 1cm, P=0.002). Change in SBP was predicted by exercise sessions (-0.1mmHg per additional session, P=0.031); and possibly by gender (-7.8 for females, P=0.052). Percent change in HbA1c was correlated with percent change in weight (r=0.295, P=0.040) at 12-months. No serious adverse events were attributable to the MRP.
Conclusions:
The MRP resulted in clinically meaningful and incremental weight loss and improvements in metabolic control at 3, 6, and 12-months of treatment. Future research on the scalability and incremental cost-effectiveness of intensive multidisciplinary treatment for severe obesity in public hospitals is justified.